Seeing Colors

Here's a good graphic of how the three cones in our eyes are sensitive to the different parts of the spectrum.
for the rest of the explanation look at http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/light/Lesson-2/Visible-Light-and-the-Eye-s-Response


Also here is what seems like a pretty reputable and thorough explanation of the blue/white, black gold dress.
http://www.wired.com/2015/02/science-one-agrees-color-dress/

Here is an image Mr Williams put together for his psychology class that is a lot more concise tahn the wired article.